Top 200 Computer Questions
Two hundred computer awareness questions with answers and explanations.
200 questions. Each answer is hidden until you open it.
- Q1EasyComputer Fundamentals
Which unit of the CPU carries out arithmetic operations and logical comparisons?
- aControl Unit
- bMemory Unit
- cArithmetic Logic Unit
- dBus Interface Unit
Show the answer
Answer: c — Arithmetic Logic Unit
The ALU does the actual adding, subtracting and comparing. The Control Unit only decodes instructions and directs the other units; it computes nothing itself.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q2EasyComputer Generations
First generation computers were built using which electronic component?
- aVacuum tubes
- bTransistors
- cIntegrated circuits
- dMicroprocessors
Show the answer
Answer: a — Vacuum tubes
Machines of 1940 to 1956, such as ENIAC and UNIVAC, ran on vacuum tubes. They drew enormous power and generated so much heat that failures were routine.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q3MediumComputer Fundamentals
The idea of keeping a program and its data together in the same memory is credited to whom?
- aCharles Babbage
- bJohn von Neumann
- cHerman Hollerith
- dBlaise Pascal
Show the answer
Answer: b — John von Neumann
This is the stored-program concept behind von Neumann architecture, which nearly every modern computer still follows. Babbage designed mechanical engines that predate it.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q4EasyMemory and Storage
Which of the following loses its contents as soon as the power is switched off?
- aROM
- bHard disk
- cDVD
- dRAM
Show the answer
Answer: d — RAM
RAM is volatile working memory, which is why unsaved work disappears in a power cut. ROM and every form of secondary storage keep their contents without power.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q5HardMemory and Storage
In the memory hierarchy of a computer, which of the following is faster than cache memory?
- aMain memory
- bRegister
- cHard disk
- dSolid state drive
Show the answer
Answer: b — Register
The hierarchy runs register, cache, main memory, then secondary storage, getting slower and cheaper at each step. Registers sit inside the processor, so only they beat cache.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q6MediumMemory and Storage
How many bits make one nibble?
- a4 bits
- b8 bits
- c16 bits
- d2 bits
Show the answer
Answer: a — 4 bits
A nibble is half a byte. Four bits matter because one nibble maps exactly onto one hexadecimal digit, which is why hex is used to write binary compactly.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q7MediumInput / Output Devices
MICR technology is used by banks mainly for which purpose?
- aReading pencil marks on answer sheets
- bScanning product barcodes
- cReading fingerprints
- dProcessing cheques
Show the answer
Answer: d — Processing cheques
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition reads the magnetic-ink digits printed along the bottom of a cheque. The magnetic ink makes clearing fast and the numbers hard to forge.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q8MediumInput / Output Devices
Which of the following is an impact printer?
- aLaser printer
- bInkjet printer
- cThermal printer
- dDot matrix printer
Show the answer
Answer: d — Dot matrix printer
A dot matrix printer physically strikes an inked ribbon against the paper. That contact is what lets it print carbon copies, which non-impact printers cannot do.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q9MediumInput / Output Devices
Which of the following devices performs both input and output functions?
- aTouchscreen
- bScanner
- cPlotter
- dLight pen
Show the answer
Answer: a — Touchscreen
A touchscreen displays information like a monitor and accepts touch like a mouse, so it does both. A scanner and a light pen are input only, and a plotter is output only.
Source: RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q10EasyComputer Hardware
What is the name of the main circuit board into which all other components of a computer are plugged?
- aExpansion card
- bDaughterboard
- cBreadboard
- dMotherboard
Show the answer
Answer: d — Motherboard
The motherboard carries the processor socket, memory slots and expansion slots, and provides the buses along which every other component communicates.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q11MediumOperating Systems
The BIOS of a computer is normally stored in which category of memory?
- aRAM
- bCache memory
- cHard disk
- dROM
Show the answer
Answer: d — ROM
The BIOS must run the moment power arrives, before any disk can be read, so it is kept in ROM. Modern boards use flash, a rewritable form of ROM, but it is still non-volatile.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q12MediumOperating Systems
Which component forms the core of an operating system and manages memory and processes?
- aShell
- bKernel
- cCompiler
- dLoader
Show the answer
Answer: b — Kernel
The kernel is the innermost layer, controlling memory, processes and hardware access. The shell is only the outer interface through which a user reaches it.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q13EasyOperating Systems
Which of the following is NOT an operating system?
- aLinux
- bWindows
- cMS Word
- dmacOS
Show the answer
Answer: c — MS Word
MS Word is application software that runs on top of an operating system. The other three are operating systems that manage the hardware directly.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB Group D exam pattern
- Q14EasyMS Word
What is the default file extension of a document saved in MS Word 2007 and later?
- a.txt
- b.xlsx
- c.docx
- d.pptx
Show the answer
Answer: c — .docx
Word 2007 introduced the XML-based format, so .doc became .docx. The x marks the XML container; .xlsx and .pptx are the Excel and PowerPoint equivalents.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q15EasyShortcut Keys
Which keyboard shortcut undoes the last action performed?
- aCtrl+Y
- bCtrl+Z
- cCtrl+X
- dCtrl+U
Show the answer
Answer: b — Ctrl+Z
Ctrl+Z steps backwards through the actions just performed. Ctrl+Y redoes what was undone, Ctrl+X cuts the selection and Ctrl+U underlines it.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q16EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, which function adds up all the numbers in a selected range of cells?
- aSUM
- bCOUNT
- cAVERAGE
- dMAX
Show the answer
Answer: a — SUM
SUM totals the values in a range, written as SUM(A1:A10). COUNT reports how many entries there are, AVERAGE gives the mean and MAX returns the largest value.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q17EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, what is the box formed where a row and a column meet called?
- aCell
- bRange
- cWorksheet
- dWorkbook
Show the answer
Answer: a — Cell
A cell is the single addressable box, named by its column letter and row number, such as B7. A range is a block of cells and a workbook is the whole file.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q18MediumInternet and Email
What does HTTP stand for?
- aHyperText Transmission Protocol
- bHigh Transfer Text Protocol
- cHyperText Transfer Protocol
- dHyperlink Transfer Protocol
Show the answer
Answer: c — HyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTP is the rule set browsers and web servers use to exchange pages. Its secure form, HTTPS, wraps the same protocol in encryption.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q19MediumNetworking
What is the main function of DNS on the internet?
- aIt encrypts web traffic
- bIt translates domain names into IP addresses
- cIt assigns IP addresses to new devices
- dIt routes packets between networks
Show the answer
Answer: b — It translates domain names into IP addresses
The Domain Name System is the internet directory that turns a readable name into the numeric address a machine needs. Assigning addresses is the job of DHCP.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q20HardComputer Security
Which malicious program copies itself across a network without needing to attach to another file?
- aVirus
- bTrojan horse
- cWorm
- dSpyware
Show the answer
Answer: c — Worm
A worm is self-contained and spreads on its own, which is why it can flood a network quickly. A virus differs precisely in needing a host file to attach itself to.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q21EasyTypes of Computers
Which category of computer is the fastest and most powerful?
- aSupercomputer
- bMainframe computer
- cMinicomputer
- dMicrocomputer
Show the answer
Answer: a — Supercomputer
Supercomputers deliver the highest processing speed and are used for weather forecasting and nuclear simulation. A mainframe handles very many users at once, which is a different strength.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q22MediumTypes of Computers
Which type of computer works on continuously varying quantities such as pressure and temperature?
- aDigital computer
- bAnalog computer
- cHybrid computer
- dQuantum computer
Show the answer
Answer: b — Analog computer
An analog computer measures quantities that vary smoothly, while a digital computer works on discrete binary values. A hybrid machine combines the two approaches.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q23EasyComputer Fundamentals
In computing, what does the term GIGO stand for?
- aGlobal Input Global Output
- bGeneral Interface Gateway Output
- cGarbage In Garbage Out
- dGraphic Input Graphic Output
Show the answer
Answer: c — Garbage In Garbage Out
GIGO captures the idea that a computer cannot improve on the data it is given. Faulty input produces faulty output however fast or expensive the machine is.
Source: SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q24MediumComputer Generations
Third generation computers were built around which technology?
- aTransistors
- bVacuum tubes
- cMicroprocessors
- dIntegrated circuits
Show the answer
Answer: d — Integrated circuits
The third generation, from 1964 to 1971, used integrated circuits that packed many transistors onto one silicon chip. Transistors alone define the second generation.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q25EasyComputer Hardware
Which port allows a device to be connected while the computer is running and also supplies power to it?
- aVGA port
- bPS/2 port
- cParallel port
- dUSB port
Show the answer
Answer: d — USB port
The Universal Serial Bus carries data and power on one cable and supports hot plugging, so a pen drive or printer can be attached without restarting. A PS/2 keyboard port does not allow this.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q26MediumComputer Hardware
What is the function of the SMPS in a desktop computer?
- aIt converts AC mains into regulated DC
- bIt cools the processor and chipset
- cIt stores the BIOS settings permanently
- dIt connects the computer to a network
Show the answer
Answer: a — It converts AC mains into regulated DC
A Switched Mode Power Supply steps the alternating current from the wall down into the steady low-voltage direct current that the components actually run on.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q27MediumInput / Output Devices
OMR technology is most commonly used for which task?
- aReading magnetic ink on bank cheques
- bReading printed text into editable form
- cReading barcodes on product labels
- dReading bubble marks on answer sheets
Show the answer
Answer: d — Reading bubble marks on answer sheets
An Optical Mark Reader only detects whether a mark is present at a fixed position, which is all that objective answer sheets require. Reading text into editable form is the job of OCR.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q28MediumMemory and Storage
Using the binary convention followed in computing, one kilobyte equals how many bytes?
- a1000 bytes
- b1024 bits
- c1024 bytes
- d512 bytes
Show the answer
Answer: c — 1024 bytes
One kilobyte is 2 raised to the power 10, that is 1024 bytes. Disk manufacturers often use the decimal 1000, which is why an advertised 500 GB drive shows as less in the operating system.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q29EasyOperating Systems
What is the process of starting a computer and loading its operating system called?
- aBooting
- bFormatting
- cDebugging
- dCompiling
Show the answer
Answer: a — Booting
Booting is the start-up sequence in which the BIOS checks the hardware and then loads the operating system into memory. Formatting instead prepares a disk for storing data.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q30MediumOperating Systems
What is an operating system's ability to keep several programs running at the same time called?
- aBatch processing
- bMultitasking
- cSpooling
- dDebugging
Show the answer
Answer: b — Multitasking
Multitasking lets the processor switch between programs fast enough that they appear to run together. Batch processing is the opposite, running jobs one after another with no interaction.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q31MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which function key starts a spelling and grammar check?
- aF1
- bF5
- cF7
- dF12
Show the answer
Answer: c — F7
F7 opens the spelling and grammar checker. F1 opens help, F5 opens the Go To dialog and F12 opens Save As.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q32MediumMS Word
In MS Word, what is the mail merge feature used for?
- aSending an email directly from within the document
- bCombining two separate documents into a single file
- cMaking personalised copies from a data list
- dCompressing a document before it is emailed
Show the answer
Answer: c — Making personalised copies from a data list
Mail merge joins one template letter to a list of names and addresses, producing an individually addressed copy for every record. Despite the name it need not involve email at all.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q33MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which view shows the document exactly as it will appear when printed?
- aDraft view
- bWeb Layout view
- cOutline view
- dPrint Layout view
Show the answer
Answer: d — Print Layout view
Print Layout shows margins, headers and page breaks as they will be printed. Draft hides those for fast typing, and Outline shows only the heading structure.
Source: SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q34HardMS Excel
In MS Excel, which symbol is placed in a cell reference to stop it changing when the formula is copied?
- aDollar sign
- bHash sign
- cAmpersand
- dPercent sign
Show the answer
Answer: a — Dollar sign
A dollar sign locks whichever part of the reference follows it, so $B$2 keeps pointing at B2 however far the formula is copied. Written plainly as B2 the reference shifts instead.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q35EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, what is a single file containing one or more worksheets called?
- aWorkbook
- bNotebook
- cDatabase
- dFolder
Show the answer
Answer: a — Workbook
The saved file is a workbook, and the tabbed pages inside it are worksheets. A worksheet is a grid of cells; a workbook is the container that holds them.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q36EasyMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, what is a single page of a presentation called?
- aSheet
- bFrame
- cCard
- dSlide
Show the answer
Answer: d — Slide
Each page of a presentation is a slide, a name inherited from photographic slide projectors. Sheets belong to Excel and pages to Word.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q37MediumMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, which key starts the slide show from the very first slide?
- aF5
- bF2
- cF9
- dF12
Show the answer
Answer: a — F5
F5 runs the show from the beginning, while Shift with F5 starts it from the slide currently selected. The Escape key ends the show and returns to editing.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q38EasyInternet and Email
What does URL stand for?
- aUniversal Reference Link
- bUniform Resource Locator
- cUniform Retrieval Language
- dUniversal Resource Label
Show the answer
Answer: b — Uniform Resource Locator
A URL is the full address of a page or file on the web, naming the protocol, the host and the path. It is what a browser needs in order to fetch a resource.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q39MediumInternet and Email
Which protocol is used to send an outgoing email from a client to a mail server?
- aPOP3
- bSMTP
- cIMAP
- dFTP
Show the answer
Answer: b — SMTP
SMTP handles sending. POP3 and IMAP are used to retrieve mail, the difference being that IMAP leaves messages on the server while POP3 usually downloads and removes them.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q40EasyInternet and Email
Which of the following is a search engine rather than a web browser?
- aChrome
- bFirefox
- cGoogle
- dSafari
Show the answer
Answer: c — Google
A browser is the program that displays pages; a search engine is a service that indexes the web and returns results. Chrome, Firefox and Safari are all browsers.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q41MediumInternet and Email
Who is credited with inventing the World Wide Web?
- aVint Cerf
- bTim Berners-Lee
- cCharles Babbage
- dBill Gates
Show the answer
Answer: b — Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee proposed the web at CERN in 1989 and built the first browser and server. Vint Cerf is instead one of the designers of the underlying TCP/IP protocols.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q42MediumNetworking
A computer network confined to a single building or campus is called a:
- aWAN
- bMAN
- cPAN
- dLAN
Show the answer
Answer: d — LAN
A Local Area Network covers a small area such as one office or campus. A MAN spans a city and a WAN spans regions or countries, the internet being the largest example.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q43MediumNetworking
Which device connects two different networks and forwards data between them?
- aHub
- bRepeater
- cRouter
- dSwitch
Show the answer
Answer: c — Router
A router joins separate networks and decides the path data should take between them. A switch and a hub only move traffic among devices inside one network.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q44HardNetworking
Which network device regenerates a weakening signal so that it can travel a longer distance?
- aSwitch
- bRouter
- cGateway
- dRepeater
Show the answer
Answer: d — Repeater
A repeater receives a weakened signal and retransmits it at full strength, extending the reach of a cable. It does not examine addresses, which is what separates it from a switch or router.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q45EasyComputer Security
What is the main purpose of a firewall?
- aTo scan and remove viruses already on the disk
- bTo control traffic in and out of a network
- cTo back up important files automatically
- dTo encrypt files stored on the hard disk
Show the answer
Answer: b — To control traffic in and out of a network
A firewall inspects traffic crossing the boundary of a network and blocks whatever breaks its rules. Removing viruses already on the disk is the job of antivirus software instead.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q46MediumComputer Security
Tricking a user into revealing passwords or bank details through a fake email or website is called:
- aPhishing
- bSpamming
- cSniffing
- dCracking
Show the answer
Answer: a — Phishing
Phishing imitates a trusted organisation so the victim hands over details willingly. Sniffing intercepts traffic on a network, and spam is bulk mail that need not deceive anyone.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q47HardComputer Security
Which Act provides the legal framework for electronic governance and cyber crime in India?
- aThe Information Technology Act, 2000
- bThe Indian Evidence Act, 1872
- cThe Companies Act, 1956
- dThe Right to Information Act, 2005
Show the answer
Answer: a — The Information Technology Act, 2000
The Information Technology Act, 2000 gave legal recognition to electronic records and digital signatures and defined offences such as hacking and identity theft.
Source: SSC CGL / State PSC exam pattern
- Q48MediumShortcut Keys
In MS Word, which shortcut moves the cursor to the very beginning of the document?
- aCtrl+End
- bHome
- cCtrl+Home
- dAlt+Home
Show the answer
Answer: c — Ctrl+Home
Ctrl+Home jumps to the start of the document and Ctrl+End to the finish. The Home key on its own moves only to the start of the current line.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q49EasyAbbreviations
What does GUI stand for?
- aGeneral User Input
- bGraphical User Interface
- cGuided Utility Interface
- dGlobal Unified Interface
Show the answer
Answer: b — Graphical User Interface
A Graphical User Interface lets a user work through windows, icons and a pointer instead of typing commands. The alternative is a command line interface.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q50EasyAbbreviations
What does PDF stand for?
- aPrinted Document Form
- bPublic Data File
- cPortable Document Format
- dPersonal Data Format
Show the answer
Answer: c — Portable Document Format
A PDF preserves fonts, images and layout so a document looks the same on any device or printer. That fixed appearance is why forms and admit cards are issued in this format.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q51MediumComputer Fundamentals
Which of the following is an example of system software?
- aMS Excel
- bPhotoshop
- cTally
- dOperating system
Show the answer
Answer: d — Operating system
System software manages the machine itself and provides a platform for other programs. Excel, Photoshop and Tally are application software that run on top of it.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q52EasyComputer Fundamentals
Raw data that has been processed into a meaningful and useful form is called:
- aInput
- bInstruction
- cStorage
- dInformation
Show the answer
Answer: d — Information
Data are unorganised facts; information is what results once they are processed and given meaning. A list of marks is data, while the class average is information.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q53EasyComputer Fundamentals
Which number system does a computer use internally to represent all data?
- aBinary
- bDecimal
- cOctal
- dHexadecimal
Show the answer
Answer: a — Binary
Every circuit inside a computer has two stable states, on and off, which map onto 1 and 0. Octal and hexadecimal are only shorthand ways of writing binary for humans.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB Group D exam pattern
- Q54EasyComputer Fundamentals
A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do is called a:
- aCircuit
- bProgram
- cRegister
- dPeripheral
Show the answer
Answer: b — Program
A program is written in a programming language and must be translated into machine code before the processor can carry it out. A collection of programs is called software.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q55MediumComputer Generations
The microprocessor was introduced in which generation of computers?
- aFourth generation
- bFirst generation
- cSecond generation
- dThird generation
Show the answer
Answer: a — Fourth generation
The fourth generation, from 1971 onwards, put an entire processor onto a single chip using VLSI technology. That is what made the personal computer possible.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q56EasyComputer Generations
Fifth generation computers are mainly associated with which field?
- aVacuum tube logic
- bArtificial intelligence
- cPunched card input
- dMagnetic drum storage
Show the answer
Answer: b — Artificial intelligence
The fifth generation is defined by artificial intelligence, parallel processing and interfaces that accept ordinary language rather than rigid commands.
Source: SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q57MediumTypes of Computers
Which type of computer combines the features of both analog and digital machines?
- aHybrid computer
- bMainframe computer
- cSupercomputer
- dMicrocomputer
Show the answer
Answer: a — Hybrid computer
A hybrid computer takes in a continuously varying quantity in analog form and then computes on it digitally. It is the combination of the two modes in one machine that defines it.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q58MediumTypes of Computers
Which type of computer do banks and railways use to process very large numbers of transactions?
- aEmbedded computer
- bAnalog computer
- cMainframe computer
- dPersonal computer
Show the answer
Answer: c — Mainframe computer
A mainframe is built for huge transaction volumes and very many simultaneous users, with heavy emphasis on reliability. A supercomputer instead maximises raw calculation speed for research.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q59MediumInput / Output Devices
Which technology converts a scanned image of printed text into text that can be edited?
- aOMR
- bOCR
- cMICR
- dBarcode reading
Show the answer
Answer: b — OCR
Optical Character Recognition identifies the shapes of letters and turns them into editable characters. OMR only detects whether a mark is there, without reading any text.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q60EasyInput / Output Devices
Which device is used to draw large engineering and architectural designs on paper?
- aPlotter
- bLaser printer
- cDot matrix printer
- dThermal printer
Show the answer
Answer: a — Plotter
A plotter draws continuous lines with a moving pen, which suits maps and building plans. The other printers build a picture out of separate dots instead.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q61MediumInput / Output Devices
The sharpness and clarity of the image produced by a monitor is described by its:
- aResolution
- bBandwidth
- cFrequency
- dCapacity
Show the answer
Answer: a — Resolution
Resolution is the number of pixels the screen displays, written as width by height such as 1920 by 1080. More pixels in the same area give a sharper picture.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q62EasyInput / Output Devices
Which input device is commonly used to control movement in computer games?
- aTrackball
- bTouchpad
- cLight pen
- dJoystick
Show the answer
Answer: d — Joystick
A joystick reports how far and in which direction its lever is pushed, which suits steering and flight controls. The others move a pointer but give no sense of sustained direction.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q63MediumInput / Output Devices
A printer rated at 20 PPM is being described in terms of what?
- aPixels per inch
- bPhotos per minute
- cPages per minute
- dPrints per month
Show the answer
Answer: c — Pages per minute
PPM means pages per minute and is the standard measure of printing speed. Print quality is quoted separately, in dots per inch.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q64MediumComputer Hardware
What is the purpose of a heat sink attached to a computer processor?
- aTo draw heat away from the processor
- bTo increase the memory capacity
- cTo store the BIOS settings
- dTo convert mains supply into DC
Show the answer
Answer: a — To draw heat away from the processor
A heat sink has many metal fins that spread heat over a large surface so a fan can carry it away. Without it a processor would quickly overheat and shut down.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q65HardComputer Hardware
On a monitor, the distance between two adjacent pixels of the same colour is known as:
- aRefresh rate
- bAspect ratio
- cContrast ratio
- dDot pitch
Show the answer
Answer: d — Dot pitch
A smaller dot pitch means the pixels sit closer together and the image looks finer. Refresh rate is a different measure, counting how many times per second the screen is redrawn.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q66MediumComputer Hardware
Which set of electrical pathways carries data between the CPU, memory and other components?
- aExpansion slot
- bHeat sink
- cSystem bus
- dPower supply
Show the answer
Answer: c — System bus
The system bus is made up of the address bus, the data bus and the control bus. The address bus says where, the data bus carries what, and the control bus says when.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q67HardMemory and Storage
Which type of ROM is blank when manufactured and can be programmed by the user exactly once?
- aPROM
- bEPROM
- cEEPROM
- dMask ROM
Show the answer
Answer: a — PROM
Programmable ROM ships empty and is written once by the buyer. EPROM clears under ultraviolet light and EEPROM electrically, while a Mask ROM is written during manufacture and never by the user.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q68HardMemory and Storage
Which type of RAM stores each bit in a capacitor and must therefore be refreshed constantly?
- aSRAM
- bDRAM
- cROM
- dFlash memory
Show the answer
Answer: b — DRAM
The capacitors in dynamic RAM leak charge, so their contents must be rewritten thousands of times a second. Static RAM holds each bit in a flip-flop and needs no refresh, but costs more.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q69MediumMemory and Storage
Which technique uses part of the hard disk to act as an extension of main memory?
- aCache memory
- bBuffering
- cVirtual memory
- dSpooling
Show the answer
Answer: c — Virtual memory
When RAM runs short the operating system moves inactive pages to disk, letting programs behave as though more memory existed. Disk is far slower, so heavy use of it makes a machine sluggish.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q70MediumMemory and Storage
What is the usual storage capacity of a standard single-layer DVD?
- a1.44 MB
- b700 MB
- c4.7 GB
- d25 GB
Show the answer
Answer: c — 4.7 GB
A single-layer DVD holds about 4.7 GB. For comparison a CD holds around 700 MB, a floppy disk 1.44 MB and a single-layer Blu-ray disc about 25 GB.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q71MediumMemory and Storage
Which storage device contains no moving parts and is therefore faster and more shock-resistant?
- aHard disk drive
- bFloppy disk
- cMagnetic tape
- dSolid state drive
Show the answer
Answer: d — Solid state drive
An SSD stores data in flash memory chips, so there is no spinning platter or moving head. That makes it quicker to reach data and far less likely to fail if the device is dropped.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q72EasyOperating Systems
Which of the following is an open source operating system?
- aWindows
- bmacOS
- cMS-DOS
- dLinux
Show the answer
Answer: d — Linux
Linux publishes its source code freely, so anyone may study, modify and redistribute it. The others are proprietary and their source code is not released.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q73MediumOperating Systems
What is the small program that lets an operating system communicate with a particular hardware device called?
- aDevice driver
- bCompiler
- cUtility
- dFirewall
Show the answer
Answer: a — Device driver
A driver translates general instructions from the operating system into the specific signals one model of printer or graphics card understands. Without it the device will not work properly.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q74HardOperating Systems
The Android mobile operating system is built on which kernel?
- aWindows NT
- bBSD Unix
- cLinux
- dMS-DOS
Show the answer
Answer: c — Linux
Android uses a modified Linux kernel to manage memory, processes and hardware, with its own application layer built above it. Apple's iOS is instead derived from BSD Unix.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q75MediumOperating Systems
Rearranging the scattered parts of files on a hard disk so that each file is stored together is called:
- aFormatting
- bCompression
- cDefragmentation
- dPartitioning
Show the answer
Answer: c — Defragmentation
Over time a file gets split across scattered areas of a disk, so the head must move more to read it. Defragmentation gathers those pieces together and speeds up access.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q76EasyMS Word
In MS Word, text that is repeated at the top of every page is placed in the:
- aFooter
- bCaption
- cBookmark
- dHeader
Show the answer
Answer: d — Header
A header occupies the top margin of every page and a footer the bottom, which is where page numbers usually go. Both are typed once and appear throughout the document.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q77MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which tool copies the formatting of one piece of text and applies it to another?
- aThesaurus
- bFormat Painter
- cWord Art
- dClip Art
Show the answer
Answer: b — Format Painter
Format Painter picks up font, size, colour and spacing from selected text and paints them onto other text. Double-clicking it keeps it active for several applications.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q78HardMS Word
In MS Word 2007 and later, what is the default file extension of a template?
- a.dotx
- b.docx
- c.rtf
- d.txt
Show the answer
Answer: a — .dotx
A template is saved as .dotx and holds the layout and styles from which new documents are created. An ordinary document is saved as .docx.
Source: IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q79MediumMS Excel
In MS Excel, which function counts how many cells in a range contain numbers?
- aSUM
- bLEN
- cCOUNT
- dAVERAGE
Show the answer
Answer: c — COUNT
COUNT reports how many numeric entries a range holds, while SUM adds their values. COUNTA is the variant that counts every non-empty cell, including text.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q80EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, what does the range reference A1:A10 represent?
- aOnly the two cells A1 and A10
- bThe ten cells from A1 down to A10
- cThe sum of A1 and A10
- dThe tenth column of row A
Show the answer
Answer: b — The ten cells from A1 down to A10
A colon means through, so the reference covers every cell in that block. A comma would instead list separate cells, as in A1,A10 for just those two.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q81MediumMS Excel
In MS Excel, which chart type is most suitable for showing the parts of a whole as proportions?
- aLine chart
- bScatter chart
- cArea chart
- dPie chart
Show the answer
Answer: d — Pie chart
A pie chart divides one circle into slices, so each slice shows its share of the total. A line chart is better for showing how a value changes over time.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q82EasyMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, the visual effect used when moving from one slide to the next is called a:
- aAnimation
- bTransition
- cTemplate
- dLayout
Show the answer
Answer: b — Transition
A transition governs how one whole slide gives way to the next. An animation instead controls how an individual element moves or appears within a single slide.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q83MediumMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, which view displays small thumbnail images of all the slides together?
- aSlide Sorter view
- bNormal view
- cReading view
- dNotes Page view
Show the answer
Answer: a — Slide Sorter view
Slide Sorter shows the whole deck as thumbnails, which makes reordering and deleting slides easy. Normal view is where the content of one slide is edited.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q84EasyInternet and Email
In an email, what does the CC field stand for?
- aCarbon Copy
- bCommon Copy
- cContact Copy
- dContent Copy
Show the answer
Answer: a — Carbon Copy
Carbon Copy sends the message to additional recipients whose names everyone can see. BCC, or Blind Carbon Copy, hides those addresses from the other recipients.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q85EasyInternet and Email
In an email address, what appears immediately after the at sign?
- aThe username
- bThe password
- cThe domain name
- dThe subject line
Show the answer
Answer: c — The domain name
An address is written as username, then the at sign, then the domain of the mail server that holds the account. The at sign separates who from where.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q86MediumInternet and Email
What is the small text file that a website stores in a browser to remember a user's details called?
- aCookie
- bCache
- cApplet
- dPlug-in
Show the answer
Answer: a — Cookie
A cookie lets a site recognise a returning visitor and keep them signed in or remember items in a basket. A cache instead stores copies of pages and images to make loading faster.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q87MediumInternet and Email
Which protocol is designed for transferring files between a computer and a server on the internet?
- aSMTP
- bFTP
- cHTTP
- dDNS
Show the answer
Answer: b — FTP
File Transfer Protocol handles uploading and downloading files. SMTP carries email and HTTP carries web pages, so each protocol has its own task.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q88EasyInternet and Email
The page that opens automatically when a web browser is started is called the:
- aWeb page
- bSearch page
- cPortal
- dHome page
Show the answer
Answer: d — Home page
The home page is the starting page a browser loads and the one its home button returns to. It can be changed in the browser settings.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q89MediumNetworking
In which network topology is every device connected to one central device?
- aBus topology
- bStar topology
- cRing topology
- dMesh topology
Show the answer
Answer: b — Star topology
In a star, each device has its own cable to a central hub or switch, so one failed cable affects only that device. If the central device fails, however, the whole network stops.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q90MediumNetworking
Which network topology needs the most cabling because every device links to every other device?
- aStar topology
- bBus topology
- cRing topology
- dMesh topology
Show the answer
Answer: d — Mesh topology
A mesh gives every pair of devices its own direct link, so it survives cable failures well but grows expensive quickly. A star needs only one cable per device.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q91EasyNetworking
The bandwidth of a network connection is measured in:
- aBytes
- bBits per second
- cHertz
- dDots per inch
Show the answer
Answer: b — Bits per second
Bandwidth describes how much data a link can carry each second, so it is quoted in bits per second and its multiples such as Mbps. Bytes measure stored quantity, not rate.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q92MediumNetworking
Which IEEE standard defines wireless local area networking, commonly known as Wi-Fi?
- aIEEE 802.3
- bIEEE 802.15
- cIEEE 802.16
- dIEEE 802.11
Show the answer
Answer: d — IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.11 covers wireless LAN. Wired Ethernet is 802.3 and Bluetooth is 802.15, so the numbers after the dot identify quite different technologies.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q93MediumNetworking
How many bits make up an IPv4 address?
- a16 bits
- b32 bits
- c64 bits
- d128 bits
Show the answer
Answer: b — 32 bits
An IPv4 address is 32 bits, written as four numbers from 0 to 255 separated by dots. IPv6 was introduced with 128-bit addresses because IPv4 addresses were running out.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q94MediumComputer Security
Which malicious program disguises itself as useful software to gain entry to a system?
- aWorm
- bAdware
- cRootkit
- dTrojan horse
Show the answer
Answer: d — Trojan horse
A Trojan horse hides harmful behaviour inside something that appears legitimate, so it is let in rather than forced in. Unlike a worm it does not replicate itself across a network.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q95EasyComputer Security
What is the process of converting data into a coded form that unauthorised people cannot read?
- aCompression
- bFormatting
- cEncryption
- dIndexing
Show the answer
Answer: c — Encryption
Encryption scrambles data with a key so that only a holder of the matching key can restore it. Compression is different: it shrinks data but hides nothing.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q96MediumComputer Security
Which type of malware locks a user's files and demands payment before restoring access?
- aSpyware
- bRansomware
- cAdware
- dKeylogger
Show the answer
Answer: b — Ransomware
Ransomware encrypts the victim's files and offers the key only on payment. Spyware, by contrast, tries to stay hidden and quietly gather information.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q97EasyShortcut Keys
Which keyboard shortcut selects all the content in a document?
- aCtrl+A
- bCtrl+S
- cCtrl+E
- dCtrl+L
Show the answer
Answer: a — Ctrl+A
Ctrl+A selects everything. Ctrl+S saves, while Ctrl+E and Ctrl+L centre and left-align the current paragraph in MS Word.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q98EasyShortcut Keys
Which key combination switches between open applications in Windows?
- aCtrl+Tab
- bShift+Tab
- cAlt+Tab
- dAlt+F4
Show the answer
Answer: c — Alt+Tab
Holding Alt and pressing Tab cycles through open windows. Alt+F4 does something quite different, closing the window that is currently active.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q99EasyAbbreviations
What does RAM stand for?
- aRead Access Memory
- bRandom Access Memory
- cRapid Access Module
- dRuntime Allocated Memory
Show the answer
Answer: b — Random Access Memory
It is called random access because any location can be reached directly, without reading through everything before it, unlike a tape that must be wound through in order.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q100EasyAbbreviations
What does ISP stand for?
- aInternal System Protocol
- bIntegrated Server Platform
- cInternet Service Provider
- dInternet Security Program
Show the answer
Answer: c — Internet Service Provider
An Internet Service Provider is the company that supplies a connection to the internet, such as through broadband or a mobile network.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q101EasyComputer Fundamentals
Which of the following is NOT an output device?
- aPrinter
- bScanner
- cMonitor
- dSpeaker
Show the answer
Answer: b — Scanner
A scanner feeds a paper image into the computer, so it is an input device. The other three all present results to the user.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q102MediumComputer Fundamentals
Which characteristic of a computer describes its ability to repeat a task endlessly without tiring?
- aDiligence
- bVersatility
- cAccuracy
- dSpeed
Show the answer
Answer: a — Diligence
Diligence means the machine performs the millionth calculation exactly as it did the first, without fatigue or boredom. Versatility instead describes handling many different kinds of task.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q103MediumComputer Fundamentals
Which of the following is an example of utility software?
- aMS PowerPoint
- bTally
- cAdobe Illustrator
- dAntivirus program
Show the answer
Answer: d — Antivirus program
Utility software maintains and protects the system rather than producing a user's own work. Antivirus tools, disk cleaners and backup programs all fall into this group.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q104MediumComputer Fundamentals
In the data hierarchy used in computing, a collection of related records is called a:
- aFile
- bField
- cDatabase
- dByte
Show the answer
Answer: a — File
The hierarchy runs bit, character, field, record, file and then database. One student's full details form a record, and all the students together form a file.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q105HardComputer Generations
Magnetic drums were used as the main memory in which generation of computers?
- aSecond generation
- bThird generation
- cFourth generation
- dFirst generation
Show the answer
Answer: d — First generation
First generation machines stored data on rotating magnetic drums alongside their vacuum tube circuits. Magnetic core memory came in with the second generation.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q106MediumComputer Generations
The integrated circuits used in third generation computers were made mainly from which material?
- aSilicon
- bCopper
- cAluminium
- dGermanium
Show the answer
Answer: a — Silicon
Silicon is a semiconductor that can be made to conduct or insulate under control, which is what a switching circuit requires. It is also cheap and abundant.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q107EasyTypes of Computers
Which of the following is classified as a microcomputer?
- aMainframe computer
- bSupercomputer
- cLaptop
- dMinicomputer
Show the answer
Answer: c — Laptop
A microcomputer is built around a single microprocessor and intended for one user at a time. Desktops, laptops and tablets are all microcomputers.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q108EasyInput / Output Devices
Which device is used to input sound and speech into a computer?
- aMicrophone
- bSpeaker
- cHeadphone
- dWoofer
Show the answer
Answer: a — Microphone
A microphone converts sound waves into an electrical signal the computer can digitise. Speakers, headphones and woofers all work the other way, turning signals back into sound.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q109MediumInput / Output Devices
Which printer forms an image by forcing a liquid through very fine nozzles onto the paper?
- aInkjet printer
- bLaser printer
- cDot matrix printer
- dLine printer
Show the answer
Answer: a — Inkjet printer
An inkjet sprays through microscopic nozzles, which gives good colour cheaply. A laser printer instead fuses powdered toner onto the page with heat.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q110EasyInput / Output Devices
On a standard 104-key Windows keyboard, how many function keys are there?
- a10
- b12
- c14
- d16
Show the answer
Answer: b — 12
The function keys run F1 to F12 along the top row. Older PC/XT keyboards had only ten, which is why the layout has to be specified.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q111EasyInput / Output Devices
Which output device throws the computer's display onto a large screen or wall?
- aPlotter
- bProjector
- cScanner
- dDigitiser
Show the answer
Answer: b — Projector
A projector enlarges the display using a lamp and lens so that a whole room can see it. A plotter also produces output, but only on paper.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q112MediumInput / Output Devices
Which input device is used to draw a sketch directly into a computer by hand?
- aTrackball
- bBarcode reader
- cJoystick
- dGraphics tablet
Show the answer
Answer: d — Graphics tablet
A graphics tablet records the movement of a stylus across its surface, which suits drawing and signatures far better than a mouse. The others only read pre-printed marks.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q113MediumComputer Hardware
Which expansion card produces the images that appear on a computer's monitor?
- aSound card
- bNetwork card
- cModem card
- dGraphics card
Show the answer
Answer: d — Graphics card
The graphics card takes over the work of drawing images and sends the result to the display. Games and video editing depend heavily on how powerful it is.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q114HardComputer Hardware
What does the small CMOS battery on a motherboard keep running?
- aThe contents of RAM while the machine sleeps
- bThe firmware program stored in the BIOS chip
- cThe system clock and BIOS settings
- dThe data written on the hard disk
Show the answer
Answer: c — The system clock and BIOS settings
The CMOS battery keeps the real time clock running and preserves BIOS settings while the machine is unplugged. The firmware itself sits in non-volatile flash and needs no battery.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB ALP exam pattern
- Q115MediumComputer Hardware
Which cable standard carries both high definition video and audio to a display?
- aVGA
- bHDMI
- cPS/2
- dRJ45
Show the answer
Answer: b — HDMI
HDMI carries picture and sound together over one digital cable. VGA is older, analog and video only, while RJ45 is the connector used for network cables.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q116MediumMemory and Storage
Using the binary convention followed in computing, one gigabyte equals how many megabytes?
- a512
- b1000
- c1024
- d2048
Show the answer
Answer: c — 1024
Each step up the scale multiplies by 1024, so 1 GB is 1024 MB just as 1 MB is 1024 KB. Storage manufacturers often quote the round decimal 1000 instead.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q117EasyMemory and Storage
Which of the following is a secondary storage device?
- aHard disk
- bRAM
- cCache memory
- dRegister
Show the answer
Answer: a — Hard disk
Secondary storage keeps data when the power is off and is not addressed directly by the processor. RAM, cache and registers are all primary memory and lose their contents when power goes.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q118HardMemory and Storage
Magnetic tape is an example of which method of data access?
- aDirect access
- bRandom access
- cSequential access
- dParallel access
Show the answer
Answer: c — Sequential access
A tape must be wound through everything before the wanted point, so reaching data at the end takes far longer than data at the start. A disk can jump straight to any position.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q119MediumMemory and Storage
Which optical disc can be written by the user once but not erased afterwards?
- aCD-RW
- bCD-ROM
- cCD-R
- dDVD-RW
Show the answer
Answer: c — CD-R
The R stands for recordable, meaning it may be written once and then only read. RW discs are rewritable, while a CD-ROM arrives already written and cannot be recorded on at all.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q120EasyMemory and Storage
What is the smallest unit of data representation in a computer?
- aByte
- bNibble
- cWord
- dBit
Show the answer
Answer: d — Bit
A bit holds a single 0 or 1 and nothing is smaller. Four bits make a nibble and eight make a byte, which is the smallest unit normally given its own address.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB Group D exam pattern
- Q121EasyOperating Systems
Which of the following is a function of an operating system?
- aPreparing spreadsheets
- bEditing photographs
- cManaging memory and processes
- dDesigning web pages
Show the answer
Answer: c — Managing memory and processes
An operating system allocates memory, schedules processes, manages files and controls devices. The other three tasks belong to application software.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q122EasyOperating Systems
In Windows, where are deleted files temporarily kept before permanent removal?
- aRecycle Bin
- bClipboard
- cMy Documents
- dControl Panel
Show the answer
Answer: a — Recycle Bin
The Recycle Bin holds deleted files so they can be restored if removed by mistake. Emptying it, or deleting with Shift held down, bypasses that safety net.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q123HardOperating Systems
What is the situation called in which two processes each wait for a resource held by the other?
- aDeadlock
- bThrashing
- cBuffering
- dFragmentation
Show the answer
Answer: a — Deadlock
In a deadlock neither process can move, because each holds what the other needs and neither will release it. Thrashing is different, describing a system that spends its time swapping pages.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q124MediumOperating Systems
Which type of operating system serves many users at once by giving each a small slice of processor time?
- aBatch processing system
- bReal time system
- cDistributed system
- dTime sharing system
Show the answer
Answer: d — Time sharing system
Time sharing switches between users so quickly that each believes the machine is theirs alone. Batch systems, by contrast, run jobs one after another with no interaction.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q125MediumOperating Systems
Which command line operating system was widely used on personal computers before Windows?
- aUnix
- bMS-DOS
- cLinux
- dSolaris
Show the answer
Answer: b — MS-DOS
MS-DOS accepted typed commands such as dir and copy, with no windows or icons. Early versions of Windows ran on top of it before becoming operating systems in their own right.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q126MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which alignment makes both the left and the right edges of a paragraph straight?
- aCentre
- bJustify
- cLeft align
- dRight align
Show the answer
Answer: b — Justify
Justified text stretches the spaces between words so every line reaches the right margin, which is why newspapers and books use it. The shortcut is Ctrl+J.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q127EasyMS Word
In MS Word, what is the blank space between the text and the edge of the page called?
- aGutter
- bIndent
- cMargin
- dRuler
Show the answer
Answer: c — Margin
Margins are the blank borders on all four sides of a page. An indent is different, moving one paragraph further in from the margin already set.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q128MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which feature suggests alternative words with a similar meaning?
- aSpell check
- bTrack changes
- cThesaurus
- dWord count
Show the answer
Answer: c — Thesaurus
The thesaurus offers synonyms for a selected word, reached with Shift and F7. Spell check is a separate tool that looks only for misspelt words.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q129MediumMS Word
In MS Word, applying superscript to a character places it:
- aSlightly below the normal line of text
- bSlightly above the normal line of text
- cIn bold at the normal level
- dIn a smaller font at the normal level
Show the answer
Answer: b — Slightly above the normal line of text
Superscript raises a character above the line, as in the 2 of a squared value. Subscript lowers it instead, as in the 2 in the chemical formula for water.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q130EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, what is a selected group of adjacent cells called?
- aColumn
- bWorkbook
- cLabel
- dRange
Show the answer
Answer: d — Range
A range is written with its first and last cells separated by a colon, as in A1:B10. Functions such as SUM and COUNT are normally given a range to work on.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q131MediumMS Excel
In MS Excel, which feature keeps the top row visible while the rest of the sheet is scrolled?
- aMerge Cells
- bFreeze Panes
- cWrap Text
- dConditional Formatting
Show the answer
Answer: b — Freeze Panes
Freeze Panes locks chosen rows or columns in place so headings stay on screen in a long list. Nothing about the stored data changes, only the way it is displayed.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q132EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, which function returns the largest value in a range of cells?
- aMAX
- bMIN
- cSUM
- dCOUNT
Show the answer
Answer: a — MAX
MAX gives the highest value and MIN the lowest. SUM adds everything together and COUNT reports how many numeric entries there are.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q133MediumMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, what is the arrangement of placeholders applied to one individual slide called?
- aSlide transition
- bSlide layout
- cSlide sorter
- dSlide master
Show the answer
Answer: b — Slide layout
A layout decides where the title, text and picture boxes sit on that one slide. The slide master is broader, setting the design inherited by the whole presentation.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q134MediumMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, which feature lets a presenter keep private reminders that the audience does not see?
- aSpeaker notes
- bSlide title
- cHeader and footer
- dAction button
Show the answer
Answer: a — Speaker notes
Speaker notes are typed below each slide and shown only on the presenter's own screen. They are printed with handout notes but never projected to the audience.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q135EasyInternet and Email
Which top level domain is normally used by educational institutions?
- a.com
- b.gov
- c.org
- d.edu
Show the answer
Answer: d — .edu
The domain .edu marks an educational body, .gov a government one and .org a non-profit organisation. Indian sites often add a country code, as in ac.in for academic institutions.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q136MediumInternet and Email
What is the relationship between the internet and the World Wide Web?
- aThey are two names for the same thing
- bThe web is a service that runs on the internet
- cThe internet is a service that runs on the web
- dThe web replaced the internet entirely
Show the answer
Answer: b — The web is a service that runs on the internet
The internet is the global network of connected machines. The web is one service carried over it, alongside others such as email and file transfer.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q137EasyInternet and Email
Unwanted bulk email sent to a large number of people is commonly called:
- aDraft
- bArchive
- cThread
- dSpam
Show the answer
Answer: d — Spam
Spam is unsolicited bulk mail, usually advertising. Most mail services filter it into a separate folder, though genuine messages are occasionally caught by mistake.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q138MediumInternet and Email
Which mail protocol keeps messages on the server so they can be read from several devices?
- aPOP3
- bSMTP
- cIMAP
- dFTP
Show the answer
Answer: c — IMAP
IMAP leaves mail on the server and synchronises what each device shows, so a message read on a phone appears read on a laptop. POP3 usually downloads and removes it.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q139MediumNetworking
Which device converts digital signals to analog and back so data can travel over telephone lines?
- aSwitch
- bRepeater
- cBridge
- dModem
Show the answer
Answer: d — Modem
The name comes from modulator and demodulator, the two halves of its job. Telephone lines were built for analog signals, so digital data must be converted to cross them.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q140MediumNetworking
How many layers does the OSI reference model have?
- aFour
- bFive
- cSix
- dSeven
Show the answer
Answer: d — Seven
The OSI model has seven layers, from physical at the bottom to application at the top. The TCP/IP model in practical use collapses these into four.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q141MediumNetworking
Which type of network spans a city or a large campus?
- aLAN
- bMAN
- cPAN
- dWAN
Show the answer
Answer: b — MAN
A Metropolitan Area Network sits between a LAN and a WAN in reach, covering a city. Cable television networks across a city are a familiar example.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q142HardNetworking
Which device forwards a frame only to the port of the device it is addressed to?
- aHub
- bRepeater
- cSwitch
- dModem
Show the answer
Answer: c — Switch
A switch learns which address sits on which port and sends traffic only there, so the network is not flooded. A hub simply repeats everything to every port.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q143MediumNetworking
What is the physical address written into a network interface card by its manufacturer called?
- aIP address
- bDomain name
- cPort number
- dMAC address
Show the answer
Answer: d — MAC address
A MAC address identifies that particular interface and is set by its manufacturer. An IP address is assigned by the network instead, and changes as the device moves between networks.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q144EasyComputer Security
Which of the following makes a password hardest to guess?
- aA dictionary word with a digit added at the end
- bThe user's date of birth written backwards
- cA long mix of cases, digits and symbols
- dA short word typed twice over
Show the answer
Answer: c — A long mix of cases, digits and symbols
Length and variety together multiply the number of combinations an attacker must try. Dictionary words and personal dates are tried first by password cracking tools.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q145MediumComputer Security
A bank sends a code to your phone which must be entered along with your password. This method is called:
- aEncryption
- bTwo-factor authentication
- cFirewalling
- dDigital signing
Show the answer
Answer: b — Two-factor authentication
It combines something you know with something you hold, so a stolen password alone is not enough to get in. The code is the second of the two factors.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q146MediumComputer Security
Which type of malware secretly captures what a user types in order to steal passwords?
- aKeylogger
- bAdware
- cRansomware
- dRootkit
Show the answer
Answer: a — Keylogger
A keylogger sits quietly and records keystrokes as card numbers and passwords are entered. Banks offer on-screen keyboards partly to defeat this attack.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q147EasyShortcut Keys
Which keyboard shortcut opens the print dialog box?
- aCtrl+O
- bCtrl+N
- cCtrl+P
- dCtrl+W
Show the answer
Answer: c — Ctrl+P
Ctrl+P prints. Ctrl+O opens an existing file, Ctrl+N creates a new one and Ctrl+W closes the current window.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q148EasyShortcut Keys
In Windows, which function key renames a selected file?
- aF2
- bF4
- cF6
- dF8
Show the answer
Answer: a — F2
F2 makes the file name editable in place. F5 refreshes the window and F3 opens search, so each function key has its own role in File Explorer.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q149EasyAbbreviations
What does LED stand for?
- aLight Emitting Device
- bLight Emitting Diode
- cLow Energy Display
- dLinear Electronic Diode
Show the answer
Answer: b — Light Emitting Diode
A Light Emitting Diode gives off light when current passes through it. LED monitors use these to light the screen, which uses less power than older backlights.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q150EasyAbbreviations
In banking, what does ATM stand for?
- aAutomatic Transaction Mode
- bAny Time Money
- cAutomated Teller Machine
- dAccount Transfer Machine
Show the answer
Answer: c — Automated Teller Machine
An Automated Teller Machine performs the routine work of a bank teller, such as issuing cash and printing balances, without a member of staff.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q151EasyComputer Fundamentals
Which of the following is an example of application software?
- aMS Excel
- bLinux
- cDevice driver
- dBIOS
Show the answer
Answer: a — MS Excel
Application software does work the user cares about, such as building a spreadsheet. Linux, drivers and the BIOS all exist to run the machine itself.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q152MediumComputer Fundamentals
Which unit of a computer accepts data and instructions from the user?
- aOutput unit
- bControl unit
- cStorage unit
- dInput unit
Show the answer
Answer: d — Input unit
The input unit takes data in through devices such as a keyboard and converts it to a form the machine can process. The output unit does the reverse at the end.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q153MediumComputer Fundamentals
What is the process of finding and removing errors from a computer program called?
- aCompiling
- bExecuting
- cDebugging
- dFormatting
Show the answer
Answer: c — Debugging
A fault in a program is called a bug, so removing it is debugging. Compiling is a separate step that translates the source code into machine code.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q154EasyComputer Generations
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in which generation of computers?
- aFirst generation
- bThird generation
- cFourth generation
- dSecond generation
Show the answer
Answer: d — Second generation
The second generation, from 1956 to 1963, used transistors. They were far smaller, cooler and more reliable than the vacuum tubes they replaced.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q155MediumComputer Generations
Very Large Scale Integration technology is associated with which generation of computers?
- aFirst generation
- bSecond generation
- cFourth generation
- dThird generation
Show the answer
Answer: c — Fourth generation
VLSI packed hundreds of thousands of transistors onto one chip, which produced the microprocessor and with it the fourth generation of computers.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q156MediumTypes of Computers
A minicomputer is best described as a machine that is:
- aBetween a microcomputer and a mainframe in power
- bA machine dedicated to one scientific task
- cA portable computer for personal use
- dThe most powerful class of computer made
Show the answer
Answer: a — Between a microcomputer and a mainframe in power
Minicomputers were mid-sized machines serving a department rather than a whole organisation, sitting between personal microcomputers and full mainframes.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q157EasyInput / Output Devices
The smallest dot that makes up an image on a computer screen is called a:
- aPixel
- bBit
- cVector
- dFrame
Show the answer
Answer: a — Pixel
Pixel is short for picture element. A screen described as 1920 by 1080 has that many pixels across and down, and more of them means a sharper image.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q158MediumInput / Output Devices
Which of the following produces hard copy output?
- aMonitor
- bPrinter
- cSpeaker
- dProjector
Show the answer
Answer: b — Printer
Hard copy means output on paper that can be carried away and kept. A monitor or projector gives soft copy, which disappears when the display changes.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q159EasyInput / Output Devices
Which device converts a photograph printed on paper into a digital image?
- aScanner
- bPrinter
- cPlotter
- dMonitor
Show the answer
Answer: a — Scanner
A scanner shines light across the page and records the reflection as a digital image. A printer performs the opposite task, putting a digital image onto paper.
Source: RRB NTPC / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q160HardInput / Output Devices
The refresh rate of a computer monitor is measured in which unit?
- aBits per second
- bHertz
- cDots per inch
- dBytes
Show the answer
Answer: b — Hertz
Refresh rate counts how many times the screen is redrawn each second, so it is measured in hertz. A 60 Hz display redraws itself sixty times a second.
Source: SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q161HardComputer Hardware
Which slots on a motherboard hold the RAM modules?
- aDIMM slots
- bPCI slots
- cSATA ports
- dUSB headers
Show the answer
Answer: a — DIMM slots
Memory modules fit into DIMM slots, named after the dual in-line memory modules they hold. PCI slots take expansion cards and SATA ports connect drives.
Source: SSC CGL / RRB ALP exam pattern
- Q162MediumComputer Hardware
Which single chip contains both the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit of a personal computer?
- aMicroprocessor
- bChipset
- cMemory module
- dNetwork controller
Show the answer
Answer: a — Microprocessor
Putting the control unit and ALU on one chip is what makes a microprocessor the CPU of a personal computer. The chipset only manages traffic between it and other parts.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q163MediumComputer Hardware
The resolution of a digital camera is usually measured in:
- aMegabytes
- bMegahertz
- cMegabits
- dMegapixels
Show the answer
Answer: d — Megapixels
One megapixel is a million pixels, so a 12 megapixel camera records about twelve million of them per image. Megabytes measure file size instead, not detail.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q164HardMemory and Storage
Which temporary storage area holds data passing between two devices that work at different speeds?
- aRegister
- bBuffer
- cSector
- dPartition
Show the answer
Answer: b — Buffer
A buffer lets a fast processor hand work to a slow printer without waiting for each character. Video that pauses to buffer is filling the same kind of holding area.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q165MediumMemory and Storage
The flash memory used in pen drives and memory cards is a form of which memory?
- aDRAM
- bSRAM
- cEEPROM
- dCache
Show the answer
Answer: c — EEPROM
Flash memory is built on electrically erasable programmable ROM, so it keeps data without power yet can be rewritten. DRAM and SRAM both lose their contents when switched off.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q166EasyMemory and Storage
Which of the following represents the largest quantity of data?
- aKilobyte
- bMegabyte
- cGigabyte
- dTerabyte
Show the answer
Answer: d — Terabyte
Each unit is 1024 times the one before it, so the order runs kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte. A terabyte is roughly a thousand gigabytes.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q167EasyMemory and Storage
Which memory holds its contents permanently and is not normally written to while the computer runs?
- aRAM
- bCache
- cROM
- dRegister
Show the answer
Answer: c — ROM
Read Only Memory keeps its contents without power and is written when the chip is made or updated. It holds start-up instructions the machine must never lose.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q168MediumMemory and Storage
Which storage medium is read, and in its recordable forms written, using a laser beam?
- aMagnetic tape
- bHard disk
- cFloppy disk
- dOptical disc
Show the answer
Answer: d — Optical disc
CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray discs are optical media, read by a laser detecting pits in the surface. Recordable versions are burned by the same laser at higher power. The others store data magnetically.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q169EasyMemory and Storage
Which portable storage device plugs directly into a USB port?
- aPen drive
- bFloppy disk
- cCompact disc
- dMagnetic tape
Show the answer
Answer: a — Pen drive
A pen drive stores data in flash memory and needs no separate drive or power supply. That is why it replaced the floppy disk for carrying files about.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q170EasyOperating Systems
Which of the following is a mobile operating system?
- aWindows 10
- bUbuntu
- cmacOS
- diOS
Show the answer
Answer: d — iOS
iOS runs Apple's iPhone and iPad, as Android runs most other phones. The other three are all operating systems too, but for desktops and laptops.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q171EasyOperating Systems
What is an interface that lets a user work through windows, icons and a pointer called?
- aCommand line interface
- bMenu driven interface
- cBatch interface
- dGraphical user interface
Show the answer
Answer: d — Graphical user interface
A graphical user interface shows tasks as objects that can be pointed at and clicked. A command line interface instead requires the exact command to be typed.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q172MediumOperating Systems
In Windows, which utility lists the programs currently running and allows one to be closed?
- aTask Manager
- bControl Panel
- cDisk Cleanup
- dFile Explorer
Show the answer
Answer: a — Task Manager
Task Manager shows running applications and processes with the resources they use, and can end one that has stopped responding. Ctrl, Shift and Esc together open it.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q173MediumOperating Systems
Restarting a computer that is already switched on, without cutting the power, is called:
- aCold booting
- bFormatting
- cInstalling
- dWarm booting
Show the answer
Answer: d — Warm booting
A warm boot restarts the system while power stays on, as when Restart is chosen. A cold boot is starting from completely switched off.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q174MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which feature marks a reviewer's edits so they can later be accepted or rejected?
- aMail Merge
- bFormat Painter
- cHyperlink
- dTrack Changes
Show the answer
Answer: d — Track Changes
Track Changes records every insertion and deletion with the reviewer's name, so the author can decide on each one. It is what makes collaborative editing manageable.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q175MediumMS Word
In MS Word, which feature places faint text or an image behind the content of every page?
- aText box
- bDrop cap
- cWatermark
- dEndnote
Show the answer
Answer: c — Watermark
A watermark sits behind the text, often reading Draft or Confidential. A drop cap is different, enlarging only the first letter of a paragraph.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q176MediumMS Word
In MS Word, a table is added to a document from which tab of the ribbon?
- aHome tab
- bReview tab
- cView tab
- dInsert tab
Show the answer
Answer: d — Insert tab
The Insert tab gathers everything added into a document, including tables, pictures, charts and page numbers. The Home tab holds formatting instead.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q177HardMS Excel
In MS Excel, what happens to a relative cell reference when its formula is copied down a column?
- aIt stays fixed on the original cell
- bIt changes into an error value
- cIt adjusts to match each new row
- dIt becomes plain text
Show the answer
Answer: c — It adjusts to match each new row
A relative reference shifts with the formula, so one copied from row 2 to row 3 points one row further down. Adding dollar signs makes it absolute and stops that shift.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q178MediumMS Excel
In MS Excel, which feature continues a series such as Jan, Feb, Mar when a cell is dragged?
- aAutoSum
- bAutoCorrect
- cAutoFilter
- dAutoFill
Show the answer
Answer: d — AutoFill
AutoFill recognises a pattern in the selected cells and extends it when the fill handle at the corner is dragged. It works for months, weekdays and numeric series.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q179EasyMS Excel
In MS Excel, which function calculates the arithmetic mean of a range of numbers?
- aAVERAGE
- bMEDIAN
- cCOUNT
- dSUM
Show the answer
Answer: a — AVERAGE
AVERAGE adds the values and divides by how many there are. MEDIAN is different, returning the middle value once they are sorted.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q180MediumMS Excel
In MS Excel, what appears in a cell when the column is too narrow to display the whole number?
- aA blank cell
- bThe number in italics
- cA row of hash signs
- dA question mark
Show the answer
Answer: c — A row of hash signs
Excel fills the cell with hash signs rather than show a misleading part of the number. Widening the column restores the full value at once.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q181EasyMS PowerPoint
What is the default file extension of an MS PowerPoint presentation saved in the 2007 format onwards?
- a.docx
- b.pptx
- c.xlsx
- d.accdb
Show the answer
Answer: b — .pptx
PowerPoint files are saved as .pptx, matching .docx for Word and .xlsx for Excel. The x in each marks the XML based format introduced in 2007.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q182MediumMS PowerPoint
In MS PowerPoint, which key ends a slide show that is running and returns to editing?
- aEnter
- bEsc
- cTab
- dInsert
Show the answer
Answer: b — Esc
Escape stops the show at once and returns to the normal editing view. Enter or the space bar would instead advance to the next slide.
Source: IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q183EasyInternet and Email
Which of the following is a web browser?
- aMozilla Firefox
- bYahoo
- cBing
- dDuckDuckGo
Show the answer
Answer: a — Mozilla Firefox
Firefox is the program that displays web pages. Yahoo, Bing and DuckDuckGo are search engines, which are websites reached through a browser.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q184EasyInternet and Email
The buying and selling of goods and services over the internet is known as:
- aE-governance
- bE-commerce
- cE-learning
- dE-mail
Show the answer
Answer: b — E-commerce
E-commerce covers online shopping and the payments that go with it. E-governance is the related use of the internet to deliver government services.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q185MediumInternet and Email
A private network that uses internet technology inside a single organisation is called an:
- aExtranet
- bIntranet
- cEthernet
- dArpanet
Show the answer
Answer: b — Intranet
An intranet is reachable only by people inside the organisation. An extranet extends limited access outward to chosen suppliers or customers.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q186MediumInternet and Email
What does a padlock symbol shown in a browser's address bar indicate?
- aThe connection to the site is encrypted
- bThe site is stored in the browser cache
- cThe page cannot be printed
- dThe site loads faster than others
Show the answer
Answer: a — The connection to the site is encrypted
The padlock means the page arrived over HTTPS, so data sent to it is encrypted in transit. It does not by itself prove the organisation behind the site is honest.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q187MediumNetworking
In which topology is each device connected to exactly two others, forming a closed loop?
- aStar topology
- bBus topology
- cRing topology
- dTree topology
Show the answer
Answer: c — Ring topology
A ring passes data from one device to the next around the loop until it reaches its destination. A break anywhere can halt the whole ring unless a second path exists.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q188MediumNetworking
What does VPN stand for?
- aVerified Public Network
- bVirtual Private Network
- cVariable Packet Node
- dVisual Protocol Name
Show the answer
Answer: b — Virtual Private Network
A Virtual Private Network carries traffic through an encrypted tunnel across a public network, so a remote worker can reach an office network safely.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q189EasyNetworking
Which wireless technology is designed for short range communication between nearby devices?
- aBroadband
- bBluetooth
- cSatellite
- dFibre optics
Show the answer
Answer: b — Bluetooth
Bluetooth links devices a few metres apart, such as a headset and a phone, using little power. It is defined by the IEEE 802.15 standard.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q190MediumNetworking
In client server architecture, the computer that requests a service is called the:
- aServer
- bRouter
- cClient
- dGateway
Show the answer
Answer: c — Client
The client asks and the server answers. A browser is a client requesting pages, and the machine that stores and sends those pages is the server.
Source: SSC CGL / IBPS PO exam pattern
- Q191MediumComputer Security
On a public Wi-Fi network, which of the following best protects the data sent from your device?
- aChoosing a longer screen lock code
- bClearing the browser history
- cSwitching Bluetooth off
- dUsing a VPN connection
Show the answer
Answer: d — Using a VPN connection
A VPN encrypts traffic before it leaves the device, so others on the same open network cannot read it. The other three are sensible habits but do not protect data in transit.
Source: IBPS PO / SBI Clerk exam pattern
- Q192MediumComputer Security
A digital signature on an electronic document is used mainly to:
- aReduce the file size before emailing
- bVerify the sender and detect tampering
- cTranslate the text into another language
- dPrevent the document being printed
Show the answer
Answer: b — Verify the sender and detect tampering
A digital signature confirms who sent a document and shows whether it changed afterwards. The Information Technology Act, 2000 gave such signatures legal recognition in India.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q193HardComputer Security
What is an attack that makes a website unavailable by flooding it with traffic called?
- aPhishing attack
- bDictionary attack
- cMan in the middle attack
- dDenial of service attack
Show the answer
Answer: d — Denial of service attack
A denial of service attack overwhelms a server so genuine users cannot reach it. When the flood comes from many machines at once it is called a distributed attack.
Source: IBPS PO / SSC CGL exam pattern
- Q194EasyComputer Security
Which software is designed to detect and remove malicious programs from a computer?
- aFirewall software
- bBackup software
- cCompression software
- dAntivirus software
Show the answer
Answer: d — Antivirus software
Antivirus software scans files against known threats and removes what it finds. A firewall is different: it filters network traffic but does not clean an infected disk.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q195EasyShortcut Keys
Which keyboard shortcut saves the current document?
- aCtrl+D
- bCtrl+G
- cCtrl+S
- dCtrl+K
Show the answer
Answer: c — Ctrl+S
Ctrl+S saves the file, and F12 opens Save As so it can be stored under a new name. Saving often is the simplest protection against a power failure.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q196MediumShortcut Keys
Which key combination closes the entire active application in Windows?
- aAlt+Tab
- bAlt+F4
- cCtrl+F4
- dShift+F4
Show the answer
Answer: b — Alt+F4
Alt+F4 closes the whole application, and shuts the computer down if used on the desktop. Ctrl+F4 closes only a document window inside an application that has several.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SSC CHSL exam pattern
- Q197EasyAbbreviations
What does CPU stand for?
- aCentral Processing Unit
- bCentral Program Utility
- cComputer Personal Unit
- dControl Processing Unit
Show the answer
Answer: a — Central Processing Unit
The Central Processing Unit carries out instructions and controls the other parts of the machine, which is why it is called the brain of the computer.
Source: RRB Group D / SSC MTS exam pattern
- Q198EasyAbbreviations
What does HTML stand for?
- aHigh Transfer Machine Language
- bHyperText Machine Language
- cHyperText Markup Language
- dHyperlink Text Marking Language
Show the answer
Answer: c — HyperText Markup Language
HTML marks up the structure of a web page, saying which text is a heading, a paragraph or a link. It describes content rather than giving instructions like a programming language.
Source: SSC CHSL / IBPS Clerk exam pattern
- Q199EasyAbbreviations
What does GPS stand for?
- aGeneral Package Service
- bGlobal Positioning System
- cGlobal Package Standard
- dGeographic Print System
Show the answer
Answer: b — Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System fixes a location from signals sent by satellites. India operates its own regional system, NavIC, for the same purpose.
Source: SSC CHSL / RRB NTPC exam pattern
- Q200EasyAbbreviations
In online banking, what does OTP stand for?
- aOnline Transfer Protocol
- bOpen Transaction Page
- cOne Time Password
- dOfficial Transaction Permit
Show the answer
Answer: c — One Time Password
A One Time Password is valid for a single use and expires quickly, so a code intercepted after that is worthless. It forms the second factor in bank authentication.
Source: IBPS Clerk / SBI Clerk exam pattern
Answers are compiled by hand and may contain mistakes. Where a question came from a real paper, the official key governs.