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Reasoning

Verbal reasoning from the ground up: coding–decoding, analogy, series and puzzles, worked step by step.

  1. 1Coding–Decoding for Beginners: Letter, Number and Word CodesLearn the position of every letter and its opposite letter, then crack six kinds of code (letter shifts, opposite and reversed letters, number codes, moves that change from letter to letter, substitution and sentence codes) through worked examples, a checklist for any coding question and a revision list.
  2. 2Analogy and Classification for Beginners: Words, Numbers and LettersLearn to name the relationship in a pair of words, numbers or letters and use it to complete an analogy, then find the odd one out in a group by the rule the other three share, through six worked examples, a checklist for any question and a revision list.
  3. 3Number and Letter Series for Beginners: Finding the Next TermLearn to find the rule behind a row of numbers or letters — constant and growing steps, multiplying, squares and cubes, two series that take turns, and letter positions — then use it to find the next term or spot the wrong one, through six worked examples, a checklist for any series and a revision list.
  4. 4Mathematical Operations: BODMAS and the Symbol-Swap QuestionsLearn to solve the reasoning "Mathematical Operations" questions — applying BODMAS in the right order, substituting coded symbols or letters for the real operators, interchanging signs or numbers to make an equation true, and picking the one correct equation — through worked examples, a checklist for any question and a revision list.
  5. 5Venn Diagrams: Reading Overlap and Counting the RegionsLearn to pick the diagram that fits a set of classes by asking "is every X a Y?" and "can something be both?", and to read a region-count diagram described in words and answer "exactly two", "at least two" or "only one", through worked examples of each shape, a checklist for any question and a revision list.
  6. 6Syllogism and Statement-Conclusion: Which Conclusion Really FollowsLearn to test a syllogism by drawing the circles and keeping only what is true in every possible picture, through worked examples of each shape (all, some, no, the some-not trap and the either-or pair), a short look at statement-conclusion items, a checklist for any question and a revision list.
  7. 7Blood Relations: Drawing the Family TreeLearn to turn a tangle of family statements into a small diagram — a line notation for couples, siblings and parent-child links, with gender and generation marked — then read the answer off it, through worked examples of description chains, pointing-to-a-photograph sentences and coded relations, a checklist for any question and a revision list.
  8. 8Direction Sense: Turns, Distance and the CompassLearn to follow a walk-and-turn chain on the compass, track the direction you face through any run of left and right turns, add up the net east-west and north-south legs, find the straight-line distance by Pythagoras, and read a sunrise or sunset shadow, through seven worked examples, a method for any question and a revision list.
  9. 9Puzzles and Seating Arrangement: A Lesson on Drawing the Set-upLearn the reliable way to solve seating and arrangement puzzles — draw the layout, place the fixed clues first, add the relative clues by elimination, and handle the facing-direction twist in circular arrangements. Worked through a linear seating example step by step, with the puzzle types the exam reuses and the mistakes to avoid.
  10. 10Non-Verbal Reasoning: Figures, Mirrors and SeriesLearn to read and solve figure-based reasoning by naming the question and tracking the one thing that changes — series and rotation, mirror and water images, odd-one-out, analogy and counting figures — for SSC and CHSL.